1583

Years: 1580 1581 1582 - 1583 - 1584 1585 1586
Decades: 1550s 1560s 1570s - 1580s - 1590s 1600s 1610s
Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century

August 5 - Sir Humphrey Gilbert establishes first English colony in North America, at what is now St John's, Newfoundland.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi commences construction of Osaka Castle in Japan.
King James VI of Scotland signs a charter creating the Tounis College - what is now the University of Edinburgh. For some unknown reason, the charter was dated a year earlier, as 1582.
First documented battle of India's independence against an European colonial ruler was fought by the Desais of Cuncolim in Goa against the Portuguese.

April 10 - Hugo Grotius
September - Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian keyboard composer († 1643)
Nzinga, warrior queen of Ndongo and Matamba , in what is now Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Orlando Gibbons, English composer and organist († 1625)
John Pym, Parliamentary leader during the English Civil War