1848
1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar).
Events
The Revolution of 1848 (qv.), a series of widespread but failed struggles for more liberal governments, from Brazil to Hungary.
January 24 - California gold rush : James W. Marshall finds gold at Sutter's Mill , in Coloma , near Sacramento
January 26 - Henry David Thoreau addresses the Concord Lyceum with "The Rights and Duties of the Individual in Relation to Government" (which later came to be known as Civil Disobedience ).
February 2 - Mexican-American War : The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is signed, ending the war.
February 2 - California Gold Rush : The first ship with Chinese emigrants seeking fortune in California 's gold country arrive in San Francisco .
February 21 - Karl Marx publishes The Communist Manifesto February 24 - Abdication of Le Roi-Citoyen (citizen king) Louis Philippe , King of the French and the proclamation of the Second Republic.
March 7 - The Great Mahele (land division) is signed in Hawaii .
March 10 - The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate , ending the Mexican-American War .
March 15 - Revolution breaks out in Pest. The Habsburg rulers are compelled to meet the demands of the Reform party.
March 20 - King Ludwig I of Bavaria abdicates
March 23 - Province of Otago in New Zealand is founded.
March 29 - An upstream ice jam stops almost all water flow over Niagara Falls for 30 hours
April 10 Chartist 'Monster Rally' held in Kennington Park London, headed by Feargus O'Connor . A petition demanding the franchise is presented to parliament.
May 15 - Radicals invade the France Chamber of deputies
May 19 - Mexican-American War : Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - Mexico ratifies the treaty thus ending the war and ceding Texas , California and most of Arizona and New Mexico to the United States for $15 million dollars.
May 29 - Wisconsin is admitted as the 30th U.S. state .
July 19 - Women's rights : The two day Women's Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York and the "Bloomers " are introduced at the feminist convention.
July 29 - Irish Potato Famine : Tipperary Revolt - In Tipperary , an unsuccessful nationalist revolt against British rule is put-down by a government police force.
August 19 - California Gold Rush : The New York Herald United States , that there is a gold rush in California (although the rush started in January)
August 28 – Mathieu Luis , first black member joins the French parliament as a representative of Guadaloupe
November 1 - In Boston, Massachusetts , the first medical school for women, The Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with Boston University School of Medicine ), opens.
November 3 - Greatly revised Dutch constitution proclaimed
November 7 - U.S. presidential election, 1848 : Zachary Taylor is elected president in the first US presidential election held in every state on the same day.
December 2 - Ferdinand I , Emperor of Austria , abdicates in favor of his nephew, Franz Josef I .
December 10 - Prince Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte elected first president of the French Second Republic .
December 20 - President Bonaparte takes his Oath of Office in front of the French National Assembly .
Ongoing events
Births
January 6 - Hristo Botev , Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1876 )
January 19 - John F. Stairs , businessman, statesman (d. 1904 )
February 5 - Joris-Karl Huysmans , French author (d. 1907 )
February 5 - Belle Starr , American outlaw (d. 1889 )
February 8 - Joel Chandler Harris , American journalist, author (d. 1908 )
February 16 - Octave Mirbeau French art critic, novelist (d. 1917 )
February 18 - Louis Comfort Tiffany , American glass artist (d. 1933 )
February 24 - Andrew Inglis Clark , Tasmanian politician (d. 1907 )
February 24 - Grant Allen , author (d. 1899 )
February 25 - Edward Harriman , railroad entrepreneur
February 27 - Hubert Parry , English composer (d. 1918 )
March 10 - Albert Fraenkel , physician (d. 1916 )
March 18 - Princess Louise , fourth daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert
March 19 - Wyatt Earp , policeman, gunfighter (d. 1929 )
March 31 - Viscount William Astor , British financier and statesman (d. 1919 )
April 10 - Hubertine Auclert , French feminist (d. 1914 )
May 23 - Otto Lilienthal , engineer (d. 1896 )
June 7 - Paul Gauguin , French artist
July 6 - Gabor Baross , Hungarian statesman (d. 1892 ).
July 15 - Vilfredo Pareto , economist (d. 1923 ).
July 22 - Winfield Scott Stratton , American miner (d. 1902 )
July 25 - George Robert Aberigh-Mackay , Anglo-Indian writer (d. 1881 )
July 25 - Arthur James Balfour , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1930 )
November 13 - Albert I of Monaco
Randall Thomas Davidson , Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1930 )
Deaths
January 19 - Isaac D'Israeli , English author, father of Benjamin Disraeli
February 23 - John Quincy Adams , 6th President of the United States .
March 29 - John Jacob Astor , American businessman
April 8 Gaetano Donizetti , Italian opera composer
June 27 - Denis Auguste Affre , archbishop of Paris
August 7 - Jöns Jakob Berzelius , Swedish chemist
August 12 - George Stephenson , locomotive pioneer
November 9 - Robert Blum , German politician
November 23 - Sir John Barrow , English statesman
November 24 - Lord Melbourne , British Prime Minister
December 19 - Emily Brontë , English author
Edward Baines , British newspaperman, politician
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