April 13
April 13 is the 103rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (104th in leap years ). There are 262 days remaining. It is also the Ides of April .
Events
1055 - Victor II is consecrated pope
1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor
1180 - Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen Charter
1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople
1598 - King Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes , allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots
1829 - The British Parliament grants freedom of religion to Roman Catholics
1849 - Hungary becomes a republic
1861 - American Civil War : Fort Sumter surrenders
1873 - Colfax Massacre
1883 - Alferd Packer is convicted of murder
1902 - James C. Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming
1919 - Amritsar massacre : British and Gurkha troops massacre at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar , India
1941 - Pact of neutrality between the USSR and Japan is signed
1943 - World War II : The discovery of a mass grave of Polish prisoners-of-war executed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre was announced in Germany , driving a wedge between the Western Allies , the Polish government-in-exile in London , and the Soviet Union.
1943 - The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, DC , on the 200th anniversary of Thomas Jefferson 's birth.
1945 - German troops massacre more than 1000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen Germany. The atrocity is discovered two days later by American forces.
1970 - The oxygen tank aboard Apollo 13 1975 - An attack by Phalangists on a Palestinian bus in Ain El Remmeneh, Lebanon marks the beginning of a 15 year civil war.
1983 - Harold Washington is elected as the first African-American mayor in Chicago 's history
1984 - Pete Rose becomes the first player in National League history to collect 4,000 hits
1985 - Enver Hoxha is succeeded by Ramiz Alia as the leader of Albania
1986 - Jack Nicklaus wins his sixth Masters Tournament
1987 - Portugal and China sign an agreement in which the island of Macao would be returned to China in 1999
1990 - The Soviet Union admits to committing the Katyn Massacre
1993 - Baseball : Lee Smith passes Jeff Reardon for first on the all-time saves list with his 358th save in a 9-7 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers
1997 - Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win the Masters Tournament
1997 - Baseball : For the first time in 36 years, two doubleheader games are played between the same pairs of cities on the same day. The San Francisco Giants v New York Mets and New York Yankees v Oakland Athletics
2029 - The asteroid 2004 MN4 will pass within 65,000 km of the Earth
Births
1519 - Catherine de Medici , Queen of France (d. 1589 )
1570 - Guy Fawkes , Gunpowder Plot conspirator (d. 1606 )
1593 - Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford , English statesman (d. 1641 )
1618 - Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy , French writer (d. 1693 )
1713 - Frederick (Lord) North , British prime minister (d. 1792 )
1729 - Thomas Percy , Bishop of Dromore and magazine editor (d. 1811 )
1735 - Isaac Low , New York delegate to the Continental Congress (d. 1791 )
1743 - Thomas Jefferson , 3rd President of the United States (d. 1826 )
1747 - Louis Philip II, Duke of Orléans (d. 1793 )
1769 - Thomas Lawrence , English painter (d. 1830 )
1771 - Richard Trevithick , mechanical engineer (d. 1833 )
1780 - Alexander Mitchell , Irish engineer (d. 1868 )
1787 - John Robertson , U.S. congressman (d. 1873 )
1808 - Antonio Meucci , Italian inventor (d. 1896 )
1825 - Thomas D'Arcy McGee , Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1868 )
1828 - Joseph Barber Lightfoot , English theologian and Bishop of Durham (d. 1889 )
1832 - Juan Montalvo , Ecuadoran author (d. 1889 )
1850 - Arthur Matthew Weld Downing , British astronomer (d. 1917 )
1852 - F.W. Woolworth , businessman, founder of Woolworth's (d. 1919 )
1860 - James Ensor , painter (d. 1949 )
1866 - Butch Cassidy , American outlaw (d. 1908 )
1872 - Alexander Roda Roda , writer (d. 1945 )
1873 - John W. Davis , American politician (d. 1955 )
1875 - Ray Lyman Wilbur , U.S. Secretary of the Interior (d. 1949 )
1880 - Charles Christie , film studio owner (d. 1955 )
1881 - Ludwig Binswanger , psychiatrist (d. 1966 )
1885 - Georg Lukács , philosopher and literary critic (d. 1971 )
1887 - Gordon S. Fahrni , Canadian physician and President of the Canadian Medical Association (d. 1995 )
1889 - Herbert Osborne Yardley , cryptographer (d. 1958 )
1890 - Frank Murphy , American public servant (d. 1949 )
1891 - Nella Larsen , African-American novelist (d. 1964 )
1892 - Sir Robert Alexander Watson-Watt , inventor of Radar (d. 1973 )
1892 - Arthur Travers 'Bomber' Harris , Royal Air Force commander in World War II (d. 1984 )
1894 - Arthur Fadden , thirteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1973 )
1897 - Werner Voss , German World War I flying ace (d. 1917 )
1900 - Pierre Molinier , painter and photographer (d. 1976 )
1901 - Jacques Lacan , psychoanalyst and semanticist (d. 1981 )
1902 - Philippe de Rothschild , race car driver and wine grower (d. 1988 )
1904 - Sir David Robinson , British philanthropist and entrepreneur (d. 1987 )
1906 - Samuel Beckett , Irish writer, winner of the Nobel Prize in literature (d. 1989 )
1907 - Harold E. Stassen , frequent candidate for President of the United States (d. 2001 )
1909 - Eudora Welty , American writer, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction 1973 (d. 2001 )
1909 - Stanislaw Marcin Ulam , Polish-American mathematician (d. 1984 )
1911 - Ico Hitrec , Croatian football player (d.1946 )
1919 - Howard Keel , actor, singer, and president of the Screen Actors Guild )d. 2004 )
1919 - Roland Gaucher , French journalist
1920 - Roberto Calvi , banker (d. 1982 )
1920 - Liam Cosgrave , fifth Taoiseach of the Ireland
1920 - John LaPorta , jazz musician
1920 - Claude Cheysson , French politician
1922 - John Braine , British novelist (d. 1986 )
1923 - Don Adams , actor and comedian
1924 - Stanley Donen , director
1924 - Jack Chick , Christian evangelist
1926 - John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough
1928 - Alan Clark , British politician (d. 1999 )
1931 - Dan Gurney , race car driver
1932 - Orlando Letelier , Chilean politician (d. 1976 )
1933 - Ben Nighthorse Campbell . U.S. Senator
1935 - Lyle Waggoner , actor
1937 - Lanford Wilson , playwright
1937 - Edward Fox , British actor
1939 - Paul Sorvino , actor
1939 - Seamus Heaney , poet
1943 - Bill Conti , musician
1944 - Jack Casady , musician (Jefferson Airplane )
1944 - Susan Davis , American politician
1945 - Bob Kalsu , American football player (d. 1970 )
1945 - Tony Dow , child actor
1946 - Al Green , singer and pastor
1948 - Sue Doughty , British politician
1949 - Frank Doran , Scottish Politician
1950 - Ron Perlman , actor
1950 - William Sadler . actor
1951 - Peabo Bryson , pop singer
1951 - Peter Davison , actor
1951 - Max Weinberg , drummer
1952 - David Drew , British politician
1952 - Ron Dittemore , NASA manager
1953 - Stephen Byers , British politician
1954 - Jimmy Destri , musician
1955 - Ole von Beust , mayor of Hamburg
1955 - Lupe Pintor , Mexican boxer
1956 - Alison Wheeler , British political activist
1956 - Peter 'Possum' Bourne , Australian race car driver (d. 2003 )
1960 - Rudi Völler , German football coach
1962 - Hillel Slovak , guitarist (Red Hot Chili Peppers ) (d. 1988 )
1963 - Garry Kasparov , chess grandmaster
1964 - Caroline Rhea , actress
1970 - Rick Schroder , actor
1972 - Mariusz Czerkawski , hockey player
1972 - Aaron Lewis , singer
1974 - Sergei Gonchar , hockey player
1975 - Lou Bega , musician and artist
1976 - Jonathan Brandis , actor (d. 2003 )
1976 - Patrik Elias , hockey player
1978 - Arron Asham , hockey player
1979 - Baron Davis , basketball player
1997 - Sloane Momsen , actress
Deaths
799 - Paul the Deacon , monk and chronicler (b. ca 720 )
814 - Krum , khan of Bulgaria
1093 - Vsevolod I of Kiev (b. 1093 )
1279 - Boleslaus the Pious , Polish duke
1605 - Boris Godunov , Tsar of Russia
1638 - Henri, duc de Rohan , French Huguenot leader (b. 1579 )
1695 - Jean de la Fontaine , French author (b. 1621 )
1722 - Charles Leslie , theologian (b. 1650 )
1794 - Nicolas Chamfort , French writer (b. 1741 )
1793 - Pierre Gaspard Chaumette , French revolutionary (b. 1763 )
1826 - Franz Danzi , German composer (b. 1763 )
1853 - James Iredell, Jr. , Governor of North Carolina 1b. 1788 )
1853 - Leopold Gmelin , German chemist (b. 1788 )
1855 - Henry De la Beche , English geologist (b. 1796 )
1868 - Tewodros II , Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1818 )
1880 - Robert Fortune , Scottish botanist (b. 1813 )
1882 - Bruno Bauer , German theologian (b. 1809 )
1909 - Whitley Stokes , British lawyer (b. 1830 )
1910 - William Quiller Orchardson , British painter (b. 1835 )
1911 - George Washington Glick , Governor of Kansas (b. 1827 )
1911 - John McLane , Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1852 )
1912 - Ishikawa Takuboku , Japanese author (b. 1886 )
1925 - Elwood Haynes , automobile pioneer
1938 - Grey Owl , proponent of nature conservation (b. 1888 )
1941 - Annie Jump Cannon , American astronomer (b. 1863 )
1945 - Ernst Cassirer , German philosopher (b. 1874 )
1961 - Army Pfc. John A. Bennett (executed)
1962 - Culbert Olson , Governor of California (b. 1876 )
1966 - Abdul Salam Arif , President of Iraq (b. 1921 )
1975 - François (Ngarta) Tombalbaye , first president of Chad (b. 1918 )
1975 - Larry Parks , American actor (b. 1914 )
1978 - Jack Chambers , Canadian artist and film maker (b. 1931 )
1981 - Asaka Yasuhiko , member of the Japanese imperial family (b. 1887 )
1984 - Ralph Kirkpatrick , American musician (b. 1911 )
1984 - Richard Hurndall . British actor (b. 1910 )
1997 - Dorothy Frooks , American author, publisher, military figure, and actress (b. 1896 )
1999 - Willi Stoph , East Germany politician
2000 - Giorgio Bassani , Italian writer (b. 1916 )
2002 - Jon Gustafson , editor
2004 - Lou Berberet , baseball player (b. 1929 )
2004 - Caron Keating , British television presenter (b. 1962 )
2005 - Johnnie Johnson (b. 1924 ), Rock and Roll Hall of Fame member, piano player and blues musician
Holidays and Observances
External links
April 12 - April 14 - March 13 - May 13 -- listing of all days
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