Arboriculture is the selection, planting and care of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other woody perennial plants, and the study of how they grow and respond to cultural practices and the environment.
The purpose is generally to manage woody landscape plants, often in a garden or urban setting, for plant health and longevity, pest and pathogen resistance, risk management, maximum return on investment, and ornamental or aesthetic reasons. In this, it needs to be distinguished from Forestry, which is the commercial production and use of timber and other forest products. Arboriculture can be considered to have a similar relationship to Forestry as gardening has to agriculture.