Granulosa cell tumour

Granulosa cell tumours are part of the sex cord-stromal tumour group of ovarian neoplasms. The peak age at which they occur is 50-55 years, but they may occur at any age. Estrogens are produced by functioning tumours, and the clinical presentation depends on the patient's age. If the patient is postmenopausal, she usually presents with abnormal uterine bleeding . If the patient is of reproductive age, she would present with menometrorrhagia . If the patient has not undergone puberty, isosexual-pseudo-precocity may be seen.

The most characteristic gross appearance is a smooth surfaced solid and cystic lesion with the cysts filled with blood. Hemoperitoneum is an infrequent but classical presentation. A large variety of histological presentations exists, but they have two key features:

1. Call-Exner bodies (granulosa cells arranged haphazardly around a space containing eosinophilic fluid); and
2. Pale uniform nuclei, often with grooves