John Fielding

Sir John Fielding (1721-4 September 1780) was a notable English magistrate and social reformer of the 18th century.

John Fielding was the younger half-brother of novelist, playwright and chief magistrate Henry Fielding. Despite being blinded in a navy accident at the age of 19, John set up his own business and, in his spare time, studied law with Henry.

Appointed Henry's assistant in 1750, John helped him to root out corruption and improve the competence of those engaged in administering justice in London. They formed the first professional police force, the Bow Street Runners, and, through the regular circulation of a 'police gazette' containing descriptions of known criminals, Fielding also established the basis for the first police criminal records department.

When Henry died in 1754, John was appointed magistrate at Bow Street in his place, becoming renowned as the "Blind Beak" allegedly able to recognise 3000 criminals by the sounds of their voices. He also continued to develop his ideas on crime prevention and youth employment. He was knighted in 1761.