July 15
July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years ) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar , with 169 days remaining.
Events
1099 - Christian soldiers take Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after a difficult siege during First Crusade .
1207 - John of England expels Canterbury monks for supporting Archbishop of Canterbury Stephen Langton
1381 - John Ball , veteran of Peasants' Revolt , executed in the presence of Richard II of England
1410 - Battle of Grunwald (a.k.a. Tannenberg or Zalgiris), power of the Teutonic Knights broken by a defeat from Poles and Lithuanians
1685 - In England , the Duke of Monmouth is executed at Tower Hill, after he was defeated at the Battle of Sedgemore .
1789 - Marquis de la Fayette , by acclamation, named colonel-general of the new National Guard of Paris.
1799 - In the Egyptian village of Rosette , French Captain Pierre Bouchard finds the Rosetta Stone .
1806 - Pike expedition : Near St. Louis, Missouri , United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Belle Fountaine to explore the west.
1815 - Napoléon Bonaparte surrenders from aboard HMS Bellerophon
1862 - American Civil War : Confederates break naval blockade of Vicksburg, Mississippi .
1870 - Reconstruction : Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union .
1895 - Archie MacLaren scores County Championship record innings of 424 for Lancashire against Somerset at Taunton.
1916 - In Seattle, Washington , William Boeing incorporates Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing ).
1918 - World War I : Second Battle of the Marne - The battle begins near the River Marne with a German attack.
1927 - 89 protesters are killed by the Austrian police in Vienna. See Massacre of July 15, 1927 .
1929 - First weekly radio broadcast of Mormon Tabernacle Choir .
1931 - Kid Chocolate becomes Cuba's first world boxing champion.
1944 - World War II : Americans take Saipan
1953 - John Reginald Christie executed.
1954 - First flight of the Boeing 707 , the first American jet passenger airliner.
1958 - In Lebanon , 5,000 United States Marines land in the capital Beirut in order to provide military support to the pro-Western government there.
1974 - In Nicosia , Cyprus , Greek-sponsored nationalists launch a coup d'état , deposing President Makarios and installing Nikos Sampson as Cypriot president.
1975 - Apollo Soyuz Test Project : Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft take off for U.S.-Soviet link-up in space.
1979 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter gives his famous "malaise" speech, where he characterizes the greatest threat to the country as "this crisis in the growing doubt about the meaning of our own lives and in the loss of a unity of purpose for our nation."
1988 - Die Hard Bruce Willis
1989 - Punk rock band Bad Religion releases their sixth album, No Control .
1992 - A major fire consumes an entire city block in tourist destination Gatlinburg, Tennessee , destroying the Ripley's Believe It Or Not Museum and several other local businesses in the process. The block was rebuilt and re-opened in 1995 .
1994 - Albert Belle of the Cleveland Indians caught with a corked bat .
1995 - Fluid Concepts & Creative Analogies: Computer Models of the Fundamental Mechanisms of Thought by Douglas Hofstadter becomes the first item sold on Amazon.com
1996 - MSNBC cable-DBS channel launched
1996 - Hercules C-130 of the Royal Belgian Air Force carrying the Royal Netherlands Army marching band crashes on landing at Eindhoven Airport. Thirty-two people died in the flames, two people died of their injuries. Seven people sustained severe burns.
1997 - In Miami, Florida , serial killer Andrew Phillip Cunanan guns down Gianni Versace outside his home.
2002 - So-called "American Taliban " John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and for the possession of explosives during the commission of a felony . Lindh agrees to serve 10 years in prison for each of the charges.
2002 - Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and three other suspects convicted of murdering Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl .
2003 - AOL Time Warner disbands Netscape Communications Corporation . The Mozilla Foundation is established on the same day.
2004 - Monorail service begins in Las Vegas .
2004 - 18 - The Open Championship in golf, known in North America as the British Open, takes place in Troon , Scotland .
2004 - The BBC airs the documentary "The Secret Agent", exposing racism by members of the British National Party .
Births
1553 - Archduke Ernest of Austria
1573 - Inigo Jones , English architect
1606 - Rembrandt , Dutch artist
1779 - Clement Clarke Moore , educator, author, and poet
1796 - Thomas Bulfinch , mythologist (d. 1796 )
1808 - Henry Edward Cardinal Manning , Catholic archbishop
1812 - James Hope-Scott , lawyer
1848 - Vilfredo Pareto , economist and sociologist
1850 - Mother Cabrini , Roman Catholic saint
1865 - Alfred Charles William Northcliffe , newspaper publisher
1870 - Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov , Russian publisher and politician (d. 1922 )
1871 - Kunikida Doppo , writer
1892 - Walter Benjamin , German literary critic and writer
1899 - Sean F. Lemass , Irish leader
1902 - Jean Rey , politician, President of the European Commission
1911 - Edward Shackleton , Irish explorer
1914 - Hammond Innes , writer
1918 - Bertram N. Brockhouse , Nobel Prize -winning physicist (d. 2003 )
1919 - Iris Murdoch , English writer
1923 - Philip Carey , actor
1926 - Leopoldo Galtieri , Argentine dictator
1926 - Driss Chraïbi , author
1927 - Nan Clow Martin , actress
1928 - Carl Woese , microbiologist
1930 - Jacques Derrida , French philosopher
1930 - Stephen Smale , mathematician who broke the dimension barrier
1931 - Clive Cussler , author
1933 - Julian Bream , English guitarist and lutenist
1933 - Guido Crepax , Italian comics artist
1934 - Harrison Birtwistle , English composer
1934 - Risto Jarva , Finnish filmmaker
1935 - Diahann Carroll , American actress
1942 - Mil Mascaras , professional wrestler
1944 - Millie Jackson , singer
1945 - Jürgen Möllemann , German politician
1946 - Linda Ronstadt , American singer
1949 - Carl Bildt , politician
1949 - Trevor Horn , musician
1951 - Jesse Ventura , professional wrestler, Governor of Minnesota
1953 - Jean-Bertrand Aristide , Haitian politician
1953 - John Denham , British politician
1956 - Ian Curtis , singer (Joy Division )
1956 - Barry Melrose , hockey player, coach, and commentator
1956 - Marky Ramone , musician (The Ramones )
1958 - Mac Thornberry , American politician
1961 - Forest Whitaker , actor
1966 - Irène Jacob , actress
1968 - Eddie Griffin , actor
1968 - Stan Kirsch , actor
1970 - Chi Cheng , musician
1971 - John Dolmayan , drummer (System of a Down )
1973 - Brian Austin Green , actor
Deaths
518 - Anastasius I , Byzantine Emperor
1085 - Robert Guiscard , Norman adventurer
1291 - Rudolph I of Germany , Holy Roman Emperor
1381 - John Ball
1406 - William of Austria , Duke of Carinthia , Styria and Carniola
1571 - Shimazu Takahisa , Japanese samurai and warlord
1685 - James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
1767 - Michael Bruce , poet
1782 - Farinelli , Italian castratto
1828 - Jean Antoine Houdon , French sculptor
1839 - Winthrop Mackworth Praed , poet
1844 - Claude Charles Fauriel , historian
1857 - Carl Czerny , German composer
1869 - A.J. Hayne , soldier
1881 - William 'Billy the Kid ' Bonney, American gunfighter
1890 - Gottfried Keller , Swiss poet (b. 1819 )
1904 - Anton Chekhov , Russian playwright
1929 - Hugo von Hofmannsthal , Austrian dramatist
1931 - Ladislaus Bortkiewicz , economist
1933 - Irving Babbitt , American literary critic
1933 - Freddie Keppard , musician
1940 - Robert Pershing Wadlow , giant
1946 - Razor Smith , English cricketer (b. 1877 )
1947 - Walter Donaldson , songwriter
1948 - John J. Pershing , U.S. general
1957 - George Cleveland , actor
1957 - James M. Cox , American politician
1958 - Julia Lennon , mother of Beatle John Lennon
1959 - Ernest Bloch , Swiss composer (b. 1880 )
1959 - Billie Holiday , American singer
1960 - Lawrence Tibbett , actor
1961 - John E. Brownlee , Canadian politician
1965 - Francis Cherry , American politician
1971 - Bill Thompson , voice actor
1980 - Eddie Jackson , comedian
1982 - Wendy Caulfield , 1st Green River victim
1983 - Eddie Foy Jr , actor
1986 - Benny Rubin , actor and comedian
1986 - Florence Halop , actress
1988 - Eleanor Estes , author
1990 - Troy Dixon , rapper
1991 - Bert Convy , actor
1992 - Hammer DeRoburt , first President of Nauru
1996 - Dana Hill , actress
1997 - Gianni Versace , fashion designer
2003 - Adi Preißler , German footballer
2003 - Roberto Bolaño , Chilean poet
Holidays and observances
External links
July 14 - July 16 - June 15 - August 15 -- listing of all days
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