Louis-Antoine, Duke of Angoulême

Louis XIX, King of France and of Navarre (Louis-Antoine, duc d'Angoulême) (August 6,1775 - June 3,1844) was the eldest son of the comte d'Artois (later King Charles X of France). He was the last man to be known as Dauphin of France. In 1789, at the outbreak of the French Revolution, he emigrated to Turin, Italy, with his father. in 1792, he joined the army of his cousin, the Prince de Condé.

In 1799, he married Princess Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte, La Madame Royale, (1778-1851), daughter of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. They had no children.

In 1814, the year his uncle Louis XVIII acceded to the throne of France, Angoulême fought alongside Wellington to restore his cousin Ferdinand VII to the throne of Spain. With the death of his uncle in 1824, Louis-Antoine became Dauphin and heir-apparent to his father.

When Charles X abdicated on August 2,1830, Louis-Antoine became Louis XIX, King of France and of Navarre. His reign lasted only 20 minutes and he abdicated in favor of his nephew, the duc de Bordeaux. However, some legitimists did not recognize the abdications as valid, and recognized Charles as king until his death in 1836, with Louis XIX succeeding him thereafter. Upon Louis's death in 1844, his nephew the comte de Chambord became head of the royal family of France in exile.