Ornithine

Ornithine is an amino acid, whose structure is:

NH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CHNH₂-COOH

Ornithine is one of the products of the action of the enzyme arginase on L-arginine, creating urea. Therefore, ornithine is a central part of the urea cycle, which allows for the disposal of excess nitrogen.

Ornithine is not an amino acid coded for by DNA, and in that sense, is not involved in protein synthesis. However, in mammalian non-hepatic tissues, the main use of the urea cycle is in arginine biosynthesis, so as an intermediate in metabolic processes, ornithine is quite important.

Ornithine, via the action of ornithine decarboxylase (E.C. 4.1.1.17), is the starting point for the synthesis of polyamines such as putrescine.

In bacteria, such as E. coli, ornithine can be synthesized from L-glutamate (see reference below).

Further information

Ornithine biosynthesis

http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/reaction/AminoAcid/Orn.html