Xylulose is a sugar (a monosaccharide), one of the pentose series of carbohydrates.
It is a keto-pentose. In nature it occurs in the L- and D- form.
L-xylulose is accumulated in the urin of pentosuria patients. Since L-xylulose is a reducing sugar like D-glucose, pentusuria patiens have been wrongly diagnosed in the past to be diabetic.